Assessing the Suitability of Multivariate Analysis for Stress Tolerance Indices, Biomass, and Grain Yield for Detecting Salt Tolerance in Advanced Spring Wheat Lines Irrigated with Saline Water under Field Conditions

Successfully evaluating and improving the salt tolerance of genotypes requires an appropriate analysis tool to allow simultaneous multiple traits facilitate ranking across different growth stages salinity levels. In this study, we evaluate 56 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) in presence salt-tolerant salt-sensitive control using multivariate plant dry weight, measured at 75 (PDW-75) 90 (PDW-90) days from sowing, biological yield (BY), grain (GY), their indices (STIs). All RILs were evaluated under 15 dS m?1 for two consecutive years (2019/2020 2020/2021). Results showed significant main effects genotype as well interactions on four traits. Significant genotypic differences also found all calculated STIs. STIs exhibited moderate strong relationships with when either or conditions between each other. The principal component (PCA) that most variation among analyzed variables was explained by first PCs, PC1 PC2 61.8–71.8% 28.0–38.2% total variation, respectively. had positive correlations STI, YI, REI, SWPI, MRPI, MPI, GMPI, HMPI. BY GY SSI, TOL, RSE, YSI. able identify genotypes, while isolate ones. Cluster based organized 64 into groups varied group attaining higher value related PC1. conclusion, use together performance contrasting environmental will help breeders distinguish ones, even early development.